DECOMPRESSION ILLNESS

Decompression illness is a risk for divers. The article concerns the signs and symptoms of the problem and as a chamber pressure can reverse the condition.

What is decompression sickness?

Decompression illness (DCI) is an all-inclusive term that includes dysbaric injuries, arterial gas embolism (AGE), and decompression sickness (DCS).

Since the two diseases are as a result of different causes, are described separately. But from a clinical and practical aspects, while in the area may be impossible and unnecessary, since the first treatment is the same for both.

DCI can also occur when divers have closely followed the tables decompression standards and principles of safety diving.
Embolia gas arterial

Over inflation of the lungs can lead as the scuba diver rises to the surface without exhaling. During the ascent, compressed gas trapped in the lungs increases in volume until the expansion of the elastic limit of lung tissue, causing damage and the gas bubbles to flee to areas around the lungs. Air entering the pleural space-lung collapse causes or pneumothorax.

Air can also use the mediastinum (space around the heart, trachea and oesophagus), which mediastinal emphysema. Air in the mediastinum often tracks under the skin (subcutaneous emphysema) or in the tissues around the larynx, precipitated a change in the characteristics of the vote.

While mediastinal emphysema or subcutaneous more spontaneous pneumothorax may require special treatment to remove the air and reinflate the lung.

Air may also be the blood, where bubbles are distributed in tissues of the body, including heart and brain, where they disrupt traffic. ETA may cause minimal symptoms or neurological symptoms can be dramatic and immediate attention.

These signs and symptoms include numbness, weakness, tingling, dizziness, visual confusion, chest pain; personality; bloody foam from the mouth or nose; paralysis or convulsions, loss of consciousness or death.

In general, all Scuba Diver, surface unconscious or lose consciousness within 10 minutes after arrival must be assumed that age. Establishment of basic life support, including the administration of oxygen to 100%, is followed by a rapid evacuation to a pressure treatment plant.
Sickness decompression

Air-breathing causes pressure inert gas (nitrogen) to spread in the body tissue. This diffusion occurs at different rates in different tissues and continue until the partial pressure of gas is greater inspired gas registered in the fabric. Then, the amount of gas absorbed depends on the depth and time spent in deep. As the diver rises to the surface, this process is reversed, as the partial pressure of gas residual value higher than in circulatory and respiratory system. Climb from a dive can lead to over-saturation of inert gas (tissue partial pressure greater than atmospheric pressure) so that the gas dissolved in the form of bubbles in the tissues and cause signs and symptoms of decompression sickness.

These symptoms include pain or joint pain, numbness, tingling, or marbling Mottling of the skin; spasms cough, shortness of breath, itching, unusual fatigue, dizziness, weakness, changes in personality, loss of feces or bladder function; staggering, loss of coordination, tremors or collapse or paralysis and loss of consciousness.

Serious violations can lead to both feet of decompression sickness and arterial gas embolism.